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蓝宝石 Sapphire (Al2O3)


Crystallographic


Syngony

Tetragon

Symmetry Class

3m

Lattice Constants

a = 4.758 Å

c = 12.991 Å

Cleavability

(1011), (1120) imperfect


Optical


Refractive Index at ne

1.7771

Refractive Index at nF' - nC'

0.0107

Thermal Coefficient of Refractive Index at 3.39 microns for ±60 °C

βo = (0.88 ... 1.28) x 10-5 βe = (0.99 ... 1.39) x 10-5

Spectral Range, microns

0.17 - 5.0


Thermal


Thermal Linear Expansion, °C-1 for ±60 °C


to c-axis

(3.24 ... 5.66) x 10-6

Thermal Conductivity, W/(m * °C) at 46 °C


to c-axis

25.2

|| to c-axis

23.1

Specific Heat Capacity, J/(kg * °C)

0.7610 x 103

Thermal Stability, °C

162 ±8

Melting Point, °C

2030


Mechanical


Density, g/cm3 at 20 °C

3.98

Mohs Hardness

9

Vickers Microhardness, Pa


to c-axis

2200

|| to c-axis

1940

Constants of Elastic Compliance, Pa-1

S11 = 2.3 x 10-12 S12 = -0.7 x 10-12 S13 = 0.4 x 10-12 S33 = 2.2 x 10-12 S44 = -6.8 x 10-12 S14 = 0.5 x 10-12

Young Modulus (E), Pa


to c-axis

46.26 x 1010

|| to c-axis

42.64 x 1010

Shear Modulus (G), Pa


to c-axis

14.43 x 1010

|| to c-axis

16.29 x 1010

Poisson Ratio || to c-axis

0.309


Chemical


Molecular Weight

101.96

Solubility


in water, gram/100 cm3

98 x 1010


Ref. Index vs. Wavelength λ


Wavelength, Microns

Refractive Index no

Refractive Index ne

1.0

1.7545

1.7460

2.0

1.7374

1.7299

3.0

1.7015

1.6920

4.0

1.6748

1.6679


Internal Transmittance τ i (λ) vs. Wavelength λ


Wavelength, Microns

Internal Transmittance

0.2

0.79

0.5

0.97

1.0

0.97

3.0

0.97

5.0

0.45


Custom sizes and specifications are available on request.


 

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