铂单晶
铂单晶 78Pt195.09
说明:铂是一种有光泽的,银白色,有延展性和韧性的金属。它不受空气和水的影响。只溶于王水和熔融碱,铂被用于珠宝,抗癌药物,催化反应的催化剂。
铂单晶性能参数
状态: |
单晶 |
|
晶体结构: |
fcc |
|
生产方法: |
Czochralski |
|
标准尺寸: |
diameter 10-12mm thickness 1-2mm |
|
晶向: |
(100), (110) and (111) |
|
晶向精度: |
<2°, <1°, <0.5° or <0.1° |
|
纯度: |
as cut, one or two sides polished |
|
表面粗糙度: |
<0.03μm |
|
典型分析: |
99.99% |
|
典型分析(ppm): |
Au < 5 Ag < 3 Cu < 2 Fe < 3 Ir < 10 |
Os < 15 Pd < 2 Rh < 3 Ru < 2 Si < 10 Pt balance |
其他性能参数
晶体结构: |
(cell dimensions/pm), space group f.c.c. (a=392.40), Fm3m |
X射线衍射质量吸收系数: |
CuKa 200 (μ/r) / cm2g-1 MoKa 113 (μ/r) / cm2g-1 |
中子散射距离: |
0.960 b/10-12 cm |
热中子捕获横截面: |
10.3 sa / barns |
密度: |
21.4 g/cm3 |
熔点: |
1771.85 °C / 2045 °K |
沸点: |
3826.85 ±100 °C / 4100±100 °K |
摩尔体积: |
9.10 cm3 |
导热系数: |
71.6 [300 K] Wm-1K-1 |
热膨胀线系数: |
9.0 x 10-6 K-1 |
电阻系数: |
10.6x10-8 [293 K] Wm |
聚磁敏感性: |
+1.301 x 10-8(s) kg-1m3 |
杨氏模量: |
170 GPa |
刚性模量: |
60.9 GPa |
体积模量: |
276 GPa |
泊松比: |
0.39 GPa |
半径: |
Pt4+ 70; Pt2+ 85; atomic 138; covalent 129 |
负电性: |
2.28 (Pauling); 1.44 (Allred); 5.6 eV (absolute) |
有效核电荷: |
4.05 (Slater); 10.75 (Clementi); 15.65 (Froese-Fischer) |
同位素: |
36 |
同位素质量范围: |
172 -> 201 |
生物资料
生物类别: |
none |
毒性 |
|
毒性摄取量: |
regarded as non-toxic |
致命摄取量: |
LD50 (PtCl2, oral, rat)= 17.5 mg kg-1 |
危险性: |
Platinum implants are generally tolerated by the body. Platinum salts are poisonous. |
人体等级 |
|
器官: |
n.a. but low |
每日食物摄取量: |
n.a. |
70kg成人平均总元素含量: |
n.a |
地质资料
矿物: |
|
|||
矿物化学式 |
公式 |
密度 |
硬度 |
晶体外观 |
Platiniridium |
(Ir, Pt) |
22.7 |
6 - 7 |
cub., met. white |
platinum |
Pt |
c. 21 |
4 - 4.5 |
cub., metallic white/grey |
主要矿石: |
platinum ore; some platinum is extracted as a by-product of copper and nickel refining. |
世界产量: |
30 tonnes/year |
主要矿区: |
native platinum occurs naturally, mostly as nuggets, in the rivers of the Urals in Russia and in deposits in Canada, South Africa, Columbia and Peru. |
储量: |
n.a. |
样品: |
available as foil, gauze, sponge, powder or wire. Safe. |
总含量 |
|
太阳: |
56.2 (relative to H = 1 x 1012) |
地壳: |
c. 0.001 p.p.m. |
海水: |
|
大西洋表面: |
n.a. |
大西洋深处: |
n.a. |
太平洋表面: |
1.1 x 10-7 p.p.m. |
太平洋深处: |
2.7 x 10-7 p.p.m. |
停留时间: |
n.a. |
氧化态: |
II |